Management
Common Career Paths
- Entry-level/Management-trainee
- Supervision of employees and operations
- Project management
- Team management
- Information management
- Operations management
- Middle management
- Top management
Employers
Nearly every type of organization across industries offers management positions:
- Financial institutions
- Retail stores
- Restaurants
- Hotels
- Service providers
- Healthcare organizations
- Manufacturers
- Technology companies
- Educational institutions
- Local, state, and federal government
- Nonprofit organizations
- Self-employed
Strategies
- Be prepared to start in entry-level management trainee positions or corporate rotational training programs.
- Gain related experience through summer jobs, internships, and part-time jobs.
- Work at a retail store or restaurant, and advance into a team lead or assistant manager position.
- Get involved in student organizations and pursue leadership roles.
- Demonstrate a strong work ethic, integrity, and a sense of independence.
- Take courses in a secondary specialty such as marketing or information systems to increase job opportunities.
- Learn to communicate effectively with a wide variety of people and to work well in a team.
- Develop strong problem-solving skills.
Sales
Common Career Paths
- Industrial sales
- Consumer product sales
- Financial services sales
- Services sales
- Advertising sales
- Corporate sales
- Manufacturer representation
- Direct consumer sales
- E-commerce
- Customer service
- Sales management:
- District, regional, and higher
Employers
- For-profit and nonprofit organizations
- Product and service organizations
- Manufacturers
- Financial companies
- Insurance companies
- Print and electronic media outlets
- Technology companies
Strategies
- Obtain experience through summer jobs, internships, and part-time jobs.
- Seek leadership positions in campus organizations.
- Work on campus in a sales position, such as selling advertisements for campus newspaper, directory, or radio station.
- Learn organizational skills, how to work well under pressure, and how to work in a competitive environment.
- Be prepared to work independently and to be self- motivated. Plan to work irregular and long hours.
- Cultivate strong persuasion skills and learn to effectively communicate with a wide range of people through courses like interpersonal communication and public speaking.
- Develop a strong knowledge base of the product or service you will be/are selling.
- To deliver effective customer service, develop problem solving skills, self-confidence, assertiveness, and empathy. Become committed to customer satisfaction.
- Some positions in sales, such as pharmaceuticals or technical, require at least one to two years of a proven record in outside sales or specialized training. Be prepared to start in a different industry before getting into these areas.
Insurance
Common Career Paths
- Sales
- Claims
- Underwriting
- Risk management
- Asset management
- Loss control
- Customer service
Employers
- Insurance firms
- Insurance brokers
Strategies
- Talk to professionals in the industry to learn more about claims, underwriting, and risk management. Many entry-level positions exist in these areas.
- Initiative and sales ability are necessary to be a successful agent or broker.
- Develop strong communication skills as many positions require interaction with others and the ability to explain information clearly and concisely.
- There are many certifications in the insurance industry. Research those relevant to your area.
Banking
Common Career Paths
- Commercial banking
- Retail/Consumer banking
- Credit analysis
- Lending
- Trust services
- Mortgage loans
- Branch management
- Operations
Employers
- Banks
- Credit unions
- Savings and loan associations
- Financial services institutions
- Wholesale lenders
- Housing lenders
- Federal Reserve banks
Strategies
- Build a solid background in business including marketing and accounting.
- Seek experience through part-time, summer, or internship positions in a bank.
- Develop strong interpersonal and communication skills to work well with a diverse clientele.
Real Estate
Common Career Paths
- Brokerage/Sales
- Residential
- Commercial
- Office and industrial
- Farm and land
- Property management
- Appraising
- Land development
Employers
- Real estate brokers
- Banks
- Appraisal firms
- Apartment and condominium complexes
- Leasing offices
- Developers
- Large corporations: real estate departments
Strategies
- Research the process of becoming a real estate broker through the National Association of Realtors. Every state requires a combination of real estate courses, passing an exam, and other criteria to gain a license.
- Obtain sales experience through part-time, summer, or internship positions.
- Develop an entrepreneurial spirit as nearly 60% of brokers and agents are self-employed.
- Be willing to work evenings and weekends to accommodate clients’ schedules.
- Investigate apprenticeships in appraisal if that is an area of interest.
Human Resource Management
Common Career Paths
- Recruiting/Staffing
- Compensation
- Benefits
- Training
- Safety
- Employee relations
- Industrial relations
- Organizational development
- Equal employment opportunity
- Employment law
- Consulting
Employers
- Large organizations in a variety of industries:
- Banks and financial institutions
- Retail stores
- Restaurants
- Hotels and other facilities
- Service providers
- Healthcare organizations
- Manufacturers
- Software and technology companies
- Educational institutions
- Temporary or staffing agencies
- Executive search firms
- Local, state, and federal government
- Labor unions
- Major nonprofit organizations
Strategies
- Take courses in the social sciences such as psychology and sociology.
- Gain relevant experience through internships.
- Hone your verbal and written communication skills.
- Learn to solve problems creatively and build strong conflict resolution skills.
- Develop good computer skills because many human resource systems are automated.
- Join the Society of Human Resource Management and other related professional associations.
- Be prepared for continuous learning once in the profession and seek endorsements such as the Professional Human Resource Certification or Certified Employee Benefits Specialist.
- Earn a master’s degree for career advancement or a law degree in employment law.
Getting Started and Advancing in Major
- General business is a broad area that can lead to many career opportunities. Students should clearly define their goals and seek experiences and skills necessary to reach those goals.
- Gaining relevant experience through part-time and summer jobs or internships is critical.
- Learn about various fields of business through research on internet sites, informational interviews of professionals, and exposure to work environments through shadowing, volunteering, or interning.
- Develop interpersonal and organizational skills through participation in and leadership of student organizations. Strong communication skills, including public speaking, are also important to achieving success in this field.
- Learn to work effectively with a wide variety of people and to work well in a team environment.
- Get involved in student professional associations in field of interest.
- Develop and utilize a personal network of contacts. Once in a position, find an experienced mentor.
- Consider earning an MBA or other related graduate degree after gaining work experience to reach the highest levels of business management.
- See also What Can I Do With This Major? for Management, Marketing, Finance, Human Resources, Logistics and Accounting for additional information.
Professional Associations
- American Association for Advertising Agencies
- American Institute of Certified Public Accountants
- American Marketing Association
- APICS (American Production and Inventory Control Society)
- Association for Financial Professionals
- Council of Supply Chain Management Professionals
- Manufacturers’ Agents National Association
- National Association for Business Economics
- National Association of Professional Insurance Agents
- National Association of Realtors
- Society for Human Resource Management
Related Resources
Occupational Outlook
- Accountants and Auditors
- Advertising, Promotions and Marketing Manager
- Economists
- Financial Managers
- Human Resources Managers
- Human Resources Specialists
- Insurance Sales Agents
- Loan Officers
- Market Research Analysts
- Purchasing Managers
- Real Estate Brokers and Sales Agents
- Sales Engineers
- Sales Manager
- Securities, Commodities, and Financial Service Sales Agents
- Wholesale and Manufacturing Sales Representatives